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Follow an intervention from preclinical studies to human trials and reported outcomes.
| THERAPY / MECHANISM | INJURY MODELS | STUDIES | REPORTED OUTCOME | Open record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iloprost (synthetic carbacyclin derivative of prostacyclin) Prostanoid IP receptor agonist (AGONIST); direct interaction, disease efficacy true | Haemorrhage/shock · Ischaemia-reperfusion | 21986–2015 | No trauma translation | |
| Imatinib Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BCR-ABL, KIT, PDGFR-beta) (INHIBITOR) | Spinal cord injury | 12015 | No trauma translation | |
| Insulin Insulin receptor agonist (AGONIST; direct interaction) | Burn · Wound +3 | 81981–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Insulin glargine Insulin receptor agonist | Not recorded | 0Year not recorded | No trauma translation | |
| Interferon beta-1b Interferon alpha/beta receptor agonist | Spinal cord injury | 12013 | No trauma translation | |
| Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (ANTAGONIST; direct interaction) | Fracture · TBI +5 | 102010–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Isoflurane, midazolam and flumazenil Glycine receptor (alpha-1/beta) positive modulator; GABA-A receptor; anion channel positive allosteric modulator; Potassium channel subfamily K member 10 opener; Potassium channel subfamily K member 18 opener; Potassium channel subfamily K member 3 opener; Potassium channel subfamily K member 9 opener; Potassium channel subfamily K member 2 opener | TBI · Haemorrhage/shock | 32012–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| JQ1 BET bromodomain (BRD4/BRD2/BRD3) inhibitor. ChEMBL flags this molecule as a chemical probe (chemical_probe=1) with max_phase null and no entry in the ChEMBL mechanism table, so moa_list is empty; the BET-inhibitor assignment is from the primary literature and probe annotation, not from ChEMBL MoA records. | Spinal cord injury | 22018–2019 | Not approved | |
| Kaempferol Dietary flavonoid; antioxidant (no ChEMBL mechanism record). | TBI | 12019 | Not approved | |
| Ketamine Glutamate [NMDA] receptor negative allosteric modulator (NEGATIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR); direct interaction, disease efficacy true. | Spinal cord injury · Other +4 | 92011–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Ketanserin Drug | Not recorded | 21993–1995 | No trauma translation | |
| Kollidon VA64 (vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer) EXACT ChEMBL match: 'Kollidon va 64' appears verbatim in the synonym list of COPOVIDONE CHEMBL2108242. max_phase -1 (unknown clinical phase), first_approval NULL, therapeutic_flag FALSE, dosed_ingredient FALSE, structure_type NONE (polymer, no defined structure recorded). get_mechanism was NOT called: copovidone is a pharmaceutical EXCIPIENT and vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer with no curated molecular target, so calling it would only have returned an uninformative zero. moa_list and target are therefore intentionally empty. | TBI | 12011 | Not approved | |
| L-arginine Drug | Chemical/toxin · Spinal cord injury +2 | 52011–2017 | Not approved | |
| L-NAME Drug | Ischaemia-reperfusion · Spinal cord injury +4 | 31997–2017 | Not approved | |
| L-tryptophan L-tryptophan (essential amino acid; serotonin precursor); no curated ChEMBL mechanism record | Wound | 12015 | Failed | |
| Lacosamide Voltage-gated sodium channel alpha subunit blocker (enhances slow inactivation) | TBI · Other | 32013–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| Leptin Recombinant N-methionyl human leptin analogue; direct agonist at the leptin receptor (CHEMBL5913); ATC A16AA07; orphan designation; black box warning TRUE. Native leptin itself is not a separate ChEMBL drug entity; metreleptin recorded as the closest indexed entity | Spinal cord injury | 12012 | No trauma translation | |
| Levetiracetam MODULATOR of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A); BLOCKER of voltage-gated N-type calcium channel alpha-1B subunit. | TBI · Spinal cord injury +1 | 42006–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Levodopa (L-DOPA) AGONIST at the dopamine D3 receptor (direct interaction, disease efficacy); levodopa is a prodrug of dopamine. | TBI | 12017 | No trauma translation | |
| Licofelone No ChEMBL mechanism record; known dual COX/5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor | Spinal cord injury | 12013 | Not approved | |
| Lidocaine BLOCKER of the voltage-gated sodium channel alpha subunit (local anaesthetic; also class Ib antiarrhythmic). | Other · Wound +3 | 41990–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Lipo-prostaglandin E1 (lipo-PGE1, alprostadil in lipid microsphere formulation) Prostanoid EP1 receptor agonist; Prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist (AGONIST) | Wound · Other | 22012–2015 | No trauma translation | |
| Liposomal clodronate and rolipram No ChEMBL mechanism_of_action record for clodronic acid. Clinically a non-nitrogenous bisphosphonate (ATC M05BA02); in the source study the liposomal formulation is used to deplete phagocytic macrophages. Co-agent rolipram resolved separately as CHEMBL63 (phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, target CHEMBL2093863, max_phase 2). | Spinal cord injury · Fracture | 22010–2020 | Not approved | |
| Lisuride hydrogen maleate Drug | TBI | 12011 | Not approved | |
| Lorazepam GABA-A receptor positive allosteric modulator (benzodiazepine site) | TBI | 12017 | No trauma translation | |
| Luteolin No ChEMBL mechanism-of-action table record. Natural flavone (natural product flag true), max_phase 2. | TBI · Ischaemia-reperfusion +1 | 32013–2017 | Not approved | |
| LY303870 (selective neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist) ChEMBL get_mechanism returned ZERO curated records for CHEMBL42407, so no mechanism is asserted here. ChEMBL does assign the USAN stem -tant (-pitant), defined as tachykinin (neurokinin) receptor antagonists: NK1 receptor antagonists, which is consistent with the source description but is a naming-convention annotation, not a curated mechanism record. | Fracture | 12012 | Not approved | |
| Magnesium chloride Drug | Spinal cord injury | 12013 | No trauma translation | |
| Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) ChEMBL records mechanism_of_action as 'Unknown' (no molecular target assigned; FDA label reference) | TBI | 11988 | No trauma translation | |
| Magnesium sulphate Drug | Spinal cord injury · TBI | 61999–2007 | Failed | |
| MCC950 Drug | Wound · Burn | 22016–2018 | Not approved | |
| MDMA (ecstasy) Monoamine releasing agent at the serotonin (SLC6A4), dopamine (SLC6A3) and noradrenaline (SLC6A2) transporters; mechanism annotated for PTSD indication | TBI | 12010 | Not approved | |
| Medical ozone Procedure | Crush · Chemical/toxin | 22014–2017 | Not approved | |
| Melatonin Melatonin receptor agonist (AGONIST); active at MT1, MT2 and MT3 receptors, MT1/MT2 most relevant; sleep promoting activity. | Chemical/toxin · Other +8 | 242003–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Memantine Glutamate [NMDA] receptor negative allosteric modulator (NEGATIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR, direct interaction, disease efficacy true) | TBI · Radiation | 52005–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Metandienone (anabolic-androgenic steroid), given with voluntary running wheel exercise Androgen receptor agonist (AGONIST, direct interaction). ChEMBL comment: binds and activates the androgen receptor, increasing protein synthesis, glycogenolysis and muscle strength. ATC A14AA03, D11AE01. Withdrawn flag set in ChEMBL. | TBI | 12019 | Failed | |
| Methamphetamine, low dose INHIBITOR of monoamine transporters (mec_id 1567, target CHEMBL2363064); direct_interaction and disease_efficacy true. ATC N06BA03; black_box_warning TRUE. | TBI | 12012 | No trauma translation | |
| Methotrexate (MTX) and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor | Spinal cord injury · TBI +1 | 51982–2014 | No trauma translation | |
| Methylene blue Drug | TBI · Chemical/toxin +1 | 52014–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| Methylprednisolone Glucocorticoid receptor agonist (AGONIST; direct interaction) | Spinal cord injury · Chemical/toxin +4 | 131987–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Methylprednisolone sodium succinate, leupeptin, and bestatin Glucocorticoid receptor agonist (ChEMBL mechanism on active parent CHEMBL650); prodrug, parenteral. Leupeptin and bestatin (protease/aminopeptidase inhibitors) not separately resolved. | Spinal cord injury | 21986–2017 | No trauma translation | |
| Methylprednisolone suleptanate sodium (U67590A) compared with methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) Drug | TBI | 11989 | Not approved | |
| Metyrapone and carbenoxolone (separate treatment arms) Cytochrome P450 11B1 (11beta-hydroxylase) inhibitor (INHIBITOR; mechanism for indication: Cushing's syndrome) | TBI | 12013 | No trauma translation | |
| Mexicor (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate) Drug | TBI | 12017 | Not approved | |
| Mifepristone (glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) and spironolactone (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist; Progesterone receptor antagonist (ANTAGONIST) | TBI · Burn +1 | 11995–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| Milrinone INHIBITOR of phosphodiesterase 3A (direct interaction, disease efficacy); ATC C01CE02, cardiac stimulant, phosphodiesterase inhibitor. | Spinal cord injury · Haemorrhage/shock | 22017–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Minocycline Bacterial 70S ribosome inhibitor (INHIBITOR; binding site 16S rRNA) | Spinal cord injury · TBI +4 | 152003–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Mirogabalin Alpha2-delta ligand (gabapentinoid) for neuropathic pain. | Spinal cord injury | 12018 | Not approved | |
| Mithramycin (plicamycin) DNA inhibitor | TBI · Burn | 22011–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Mitomycin C DNA inhibitor (action_type INHIBITOR; direct interaction, disease efficacy true) | Wound | 12015 | No trauma translation |
Study counts are reported at therapy level and can differ from the number of itemised publications. Outcomes are research classifications, not treatment recommendations.