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Follow an intervention from preclinical studies to human trials and reported outcomes.
| THERAPY / MECHANISM | INJURY MODELS | STUDIES | REPORTED OUTCOME | Open record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MK-801 (dizocilpine) and sumatriptan Drug | TBI · Ischaemia-reperfusion +1 | 42014–2016 | Not approved | |
| Mometasone furoate Glucocorticoid receptor agonist (AGONIST); topical/inhaled corticosteroid | Spinal cord injury | 22015–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| Morphine Mu opioid receptor agonist (AGONIST), direct interaction, disease efficacy true. | Spinal cord injury · Fracture +2 | 122012–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| MP201, a prodrug of 2,4-dinitrophenol Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler; 2,4-dinitrophenol is the active core of the prodrug MP201 (ChEMBL has no explicit mechanism record). MP201 itself not found in ClinicalTrials.gov. | TBI | 12018 | Not approved | |
| MS-275 (entinostat) Histone deacetylase inhibitor (INHIBITOR, direct interaction, disease efficacy true) | TBI | 12013 | Not approved | |
| Muramyl dipeptide No ChEMBL mechanism_of_action record. MDP is the minimal peptidoglycan adjuvant motif; ChEMBL max_phase 1. | Wound | 11982 | Not approved | |
| N(omega)-hydroxy-nor-L-arginine (nor-NOHA) arginase inhibitor, and Tie2-cre-mediated conditional deletion of Arg1 Drug | Wound | 12013 | Not approved | |
| NA101, a selective calpain-2 inhibitor; nilotinib, a brain-penetrant c-Abl inhibitor, tested separately Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL inhibitor; Bcr/Abl fusion protein inhibitor (INHIBITOR, direct interaction) | TBI · Chemical/toxin | 22016–2017 | No trauma translation | |
| Naloxone Opioid receptors; mu/kappa/delta antagonist | Spinal cord injury · Ischaemia-reperfusion | 31986–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| Naproxen Cyclooxygenase inhibitor (INHIBITOR; direct interaction; disease efficacy true) | Spinal cord injury | 12019 | No trauma translation | |
| Nerve growth factor (NGF) Biologic | TBI | 11988 | Not approved | |
| Neuregulin-1 Biologic | Spinal cord injury · Other +1 | 42015–2018 | Not approved | |
| Niacin (vitamin B3) Nutraceutical | Ischaemia-reperfusion · Spinal cord injury | 22016–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) No ChEMBL mechanism record; coenzyme / redox cofactor | TBI | 12012 | Not approved | |
| Nimodipine with dextran 40 Voltage-gated L-type calcium channel blocker (BLOCKER); mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (ANTAGONIST). Approved 1988, black box warning, ATC C08CA06. Co-agent dextran 40 matches ChEMBL2109168 (DEXTRAN 40, max_phase 2) and CHEMBL1697742 (DEXTRAN, max_phase 3), a low-molecular-weight plasma volume expander with no ChEMBL MoA record. | Spinal cord injury | 21989–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| NNZ-2566 (Trofinetide) Drug | TBI | 22009 | No trauma translation | |
| Norepinephrine Adrenergic receptor agonist (AGONIST, direct interaction, disease efficacy); ATC C01CA03; black box warning | Spinal cord injury | 21980–2013 | No trauma translation | |
| Oliceridine AGONIST of mu opioid receptor (CHEMBL233) | Fracture | 12019 | No trauma translation | |
| Omeprazole Potassium-transporting ATPase inhibitor (gastric H+/K+-ATPase proton pump); alpha subunit is likely binding site | Spinal cord injury · Chemical/toxin +1 | 31987–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Ondansetron (5-HT3 receptor antagonist) and SCH527123 (CXCR2 antagonist), alongside serotonin-depleting tools p-chlorophenylalanine and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine Selective 5-HT3a receptor antagonist (ANTAGONIST, direct interaction) | TBI · Chemical/toxin | 32017–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Ouabain Drug | TBI | 12014 | Not approved | |
| Oxaloacetate or peritoneal dialysis to lower blood glutamate, combined with genetic inactivation of the adenosine A2A receptor Drug | TBI | 12019 | Not approved | |
| Oxandrolone, a testosterone analogue Synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid (androgen receptor agonist); no ChEMBL mechanism record. | Burn · Spinal cord injury | 12009–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Oxymatrine Quinolizidine alkaloid from Sophora; no ChEMBL mechanism record. | Spinal cord injury | 12019 | Not approved | |
| Paclitaxel-loaded acetalated dextran nanoparticles (PTX@Ac-DEX), compared with Taxol Tubulin inhibitor (INHIBITOR; binds to beta tubulin; direct interaction; disease efficacy) | Spinal cord injury · Ischaemia-reperfusion | 22016–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Paeoniflorin Monoterpene glycoside from Paeonia; no ChEMBL mechanism record. | Spinal cord injury | 12018 | Not approved | |
| Parecoxib, methylprednisolone, and their combination Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (INHIBITOR); prodrug hydrolyzed to valdecoxib which selectively inhibits COX-2 | Spinal cord injury · Burn | 22014–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Paroxetine Serotonin transporter (SERT) reuptake inhibitor (INHIBITOR) | Wound | 12014 | No trauma translation | |
| Penehyclidine hydrochloride Drug | Haemorrhage/shock | 12018 | Not approved | |
| Perampanel Glutamate receptor ionotropic AMPA antagonist | TBI | 12020 | No trauma translation | |
| pHBSP, an erythropoietin-derived peptide Innate repair receptor agonist (AGONIST) | TBI | 12017 | Not approved | |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) Drug | TBI | 11988 | Not approved | |
| Phenelzine Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (INHIBITOR; direct interaction) | Spinal cord injury · TBI | 52016–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Phenytoin (Dilantin) Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker (BLOCKER); direct interaction, disease efficacy true | TBI · Other | 22010–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| Phosphocreatine No ChEMBL mechanism record; high-energy phosphate / cardioprotective agent | Spinal cord injury | 12014 | Not approved | |
| Photobiomodulation therapy (810 nm laser) with or without meloxicam Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, preferential COX-2 inhibitor (from ChEMBL compound record and ATC M01AC06; get_mechanism was not called this run). | Spinal cord injury · Other | 22014–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Photodynamic therapy using a liposomally formulated indocyanine green derivative (LP-iDOPE) plus near-infrared laser PARTIAL MATCH, recorded deliberately: the ChEMBL entity is the parent dye indocyanine green (parent CHEMBL1201304 acid form; sodium salt CHEMBL1646), approved 1959, ATC V04CX01, parenteral, not withdrawn. get_mechanism mec_id 8806 gives mechanism_of_action 'Diagnostic agent' with target_chembl_id and action_type NULL IN CHEMBL ITSELF, so the empty target field is a genuine null, not an omission; ICG is registered as an imaging agent, NOT as a photosensitiser. The liposomal iDOPE derivative itself has no ChEMBL entry. Of 10 raw PDT hits, 2 were kept: NCT07609888 uses ICG as an actual photosensitiser with an 810 nm diode laser, and NCT01253759 is an observational ICG-based PDT series in choroidal melanoma. REJECTED: NCT01974622 and NCT00674323 use ICG ANGIOGRAPHY only to guide verteporfin PDT, i.e. ICG as diagnostic not therapeutic; 6 further hits were verteporfin, aflibercept or non-ICG antimicrobial PDT. Both recorded trials are dental or ocular, neither is a trauma indication, and neither uses a liposomal formulation. | Crush | 12015 | No trauma translation | |
| Photodynamic therapy using methyl 5-aminolevulinate hydrochloride (MAL) followed by red light irradiation Prodrug converted intracellularly to protoporphyrin IX; on red-light irradiation generates singlet oxygen causing DNA damage and cell death. ChEMBL mechanism record 'DNA inhibitor', mechanism comment 'Photodynamic therapy'. Salt form CHEMBL1201093 (hydrochloride, Metvixia) is the dosed ingredient. ATC L01XD03. | Wound | 12020 | No trauma translation | |
| Pinocembrin Pinocembrin (flavanone); no curated ChEMBL mechanism record | Haemorrhage/shock | 12016 | Not approved | |
| Pioglitazone Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist (AGONIST); direct interaction, disease efficacy true; thiazolidinedione insulin sensitiser. Black box warning present. | TBI · Ischaemia-reperfusion +2 | 52016–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Platelet-derived growth factor BB in gelatin hydrogel sheets Platelet-derived growth factor receptor agonist (AGONIST) | Other · Wound +1 | 42012–2015 | No trauma translation | |
| PLX3397 (pexidartinib) CSF1R/FLT3/KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitor | TBI | 12019 | No trauma translation | |
| PLX5622 Macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor inhibitor | TBI · Crush | 22017–2018 | Not approved | |
| Potassium aspartate Potassium aspartate (electrolyte salt); no curated ChEMBL mechanism record | TBI | 12016 | Not approved | |
| Povidone-iodine 0.5% Drug | Wound | 12017 | No trauma translation | |
| Pregabalin Voltage-gated calcium channel modulator (MODULATOR); binds the alpha2delta-1 auxiliary subunit | TBI | 12015 | No trauma translation | |
| Probenecid Organic anion transporter (OAT1/OAT3/URAT1) inhibitor (INHIBITOR); direct interaction, disease efficacy true | Spinal cord injury · Chemical/toxin | 22012–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Progesterone Progesterone receptor agonist (AGONIST), direct interaction, disease efficacy true. | TBI · Spinal cord injury +2 | 81999–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Propofol GABA-A receptor anion channel positive allosteric modulator (POSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR) | TBI | 32013–2016 | No trauma translation | |
| Propranolol Beta-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist (ANTAGONIST); Beta-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist (ANTAGONIST) | TBI · Haemorrhage/shock +3 | 111983–2019 | No trauma translation |
Study counts are reported at therapy level and can differ from the number of itemised publications. Outcomes are research classifications, not treatment recommendations.