Preclinical evidence 5
5 studies reported at therapy level; 5 evidence entries itemised.
RatTBIControlled cortical impactSprague-DawleyMaleSubcutaneous10 mg/kg then 5 mg/kg15 min and 12 h post-injury; delayed window study used 1 h and 24 h post-injury
Model: Severe controlled cortical impact (2.2 mm depth)
Phenelzine significantly improved mitochondrial respiration at 24 and 72 h, improved calcium buffering capacity and membrane potential at 24 h, and reduced alpha-spectrin breakdown at 24 h but not 72 h. Attenuation of aldehyde accumulation did not reach significance. Delayed administration retained…
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MouseSpinal cord injuryCompressionInbred C57BLFemaleIntraperitoneal injectionImmediately after injury
Model: Severe thoracic spinal cord compression
Phenelzine improved hind limb function, reduced astrogliosis, promoted axonal regrowth and sprouting, upregulated L1 expression and signalling, and lowered pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the injured spinal cord during the acute inflammatory phase.
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RatTBIControlled cortical impactSprague-DawleyMaleSubcutaneous continuous infusionStarted after injury, covering the first 72 h
Model: Severe controlled cortical impact traumatic brain injury
Cyclosporine A and phenelzine each reduced mitochondrial 4-hydroxynonenal and acrolein, and phenelzine alone preserved mitochondrial respiratory control ratio and cytoskeletal integrity, but the combination did not maintain neuroprotective effects.
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RatSpinal cord injuryContusionSprague-DawleyMale
Model: Contusion spinal cord injury, with subsequent acute or delayed nasal exposure to acrolein at concentrations similar to those in cigarette smoke, or to actual cigarette smoke
Nasal acrolein exposure and cigarette smoke both intensified neuropathic pain behaviours after contusion spinal cord injury, with smoke effects persisting at least one week after cessation, and this coincided with raised urinary acrolein-glutathione metabolite. The acrolein scavenger phenelzine red…
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RatSpinal cord injuryContusionSprague-DawleyMaleIntraperitoneal5, 15 or 60 mg/kg; hydralazine comparator 5 or 25 mg/kgAcute (immediately after injury), delayed (from day 21) or chronic (from 2 mont…
Model: Moderate contusive spinal cord injury
Phenelzine reduced acrolein levels and TRPA1 upregulation, attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity in acute, delayed and chronic dosing, and improved locomotor score and tissue sparing when given for 2 weeks from injury.
Extraction: extract · Subtype source: rule · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.88. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.