Propranolol

Neurogenic hyperacute ascites in mice.

Model: Controlled fatal head trauma

Transudative ascites occurred in 87 to 100 per cent of untreated traumatised mice and in no controls. Propranolol pretreatment significantly reduced the prevalence of ascites compared with trauma alone (p less than 0.001), whereas phentolamine had no effect. The beta-agonist isoetharine caused asci…

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Effects of propranolol and hydrocortisone pretreatment on radiation-induced myocardial injury in rats.

Model: Single-dose 6000 rad gamma irradiation to the precordial area causing acute myocardial injury

The abstract reports beneficial effects of propranolol and hydrocortisone pretreatment on biochemical and histological indices of radiation-induced acute myocardial injury, but provides no quantitative results.

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Propranolol attenuates cognitive, learning, and memory deficits in a murine model of traumatic brain injury.

Model: Controlled cortical impact producing moderate traumatic brain injury

Propranolol-treated mice had significantly higher novel object recognition scores than placebo at day 2 and completed the maze test faster from day 4 onwards. Serum IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha did not differ. Treated animals had lower brain UCHL-1, higher Hsp-70 and fewer apoptotic neurons in the…

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Daily propranolol administration reduces persistent injury-associated anemia after severe trauma and chronic stress.

Model: Unilateral lung contusion by percussive nail gun followed by haemorrhagic shock (mean arterial pressure 30 to 35 mmHg for 45 min with reinfusion of shed blood), with or without daily 2 h restraint chronic stress for six days

Daily propranolol after lung contusion, haemorrhagic shock and chronic stress raised haemoglobin by about 20 per cent (13.7 plus or minus 0.4 versus 10.8 plus or minus 0.8 g/dL), restored bone marrow cellularity to naive levels, improved CFU-GEMM, BFU-E and CFU-E colony growth by 9 to 39 per cent,…

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Daily propranolol prevents prolonged mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells in a rat model of lung contusion, hemorrhagic shock, and chronic stress.

Model: Unilateral lung contusion created with a percussive nail gun, alone or followed by haemorrhagic shock (blood withdrawal to a mean arterial pressure of 30-35 mmHg maintained for 45 min then reinfusion of shed blood), combined with six days of chronic restraint stress (daily 2 h restraint interrupted every 30 min by alarms and repositioning)

Adding chronic restraint stress to lung contusion and lung contusion with haemorrhagic shock significantly prolonged HPC mobilisation at day 7 with persistently raised G-CSF and worse lung injury scores. Daily propranolol reduced peripheral HPC to near naive levels (LC/CRS+Prop 0.7 +/- 0.2 % vs LC/…

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Impact of beta-adrenoceptor blockade on systemic inflammation and coagulation disturbances in rats with acute traumatic coagulopathy.

Model: Acute traumatic coagulopathy induced by 6 cm laparotomy plus bilateral femur fractures and haemorrhagic shock to a mean arterial pressure of 35 to 40 mmHg (about 40% blood volume removed) maintained for 1 h

Propranolol preserved heart rate variability and reduced TNF-alpha, IL-6, plasmin-antiplasmin complex, tissue plasminogen activator, soluble thrombomodulin, syndecan-1 and hepatic NF-kappaB expression, but did not alter prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin-antithrombin…

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Propranolol impairs the closure of pressure ulcers in mice.

Model: Pressure ulcer induced by two cycles of ischaemia-reperfusion created by external application of two magnetic plates to the skin

Propranolol reduced keratinocyte migration, transforming growth factor-beta expression, re-epithelialisation and necrotic tissue loss, increased neutrophil number and neutrophil elastase, delayed macrophage mobilisation, myofibroblastic differentiation, angiogenesis and wound closure, and produced…

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Is the sympathetic system involved in shock-induced gut and lung injury?

Model: Unilateral lung contusion induced by percussive nail gun blast wave to the right axilla followed by 45 minutes of haemorrhagic shock (mean arterial pressure 30-35 mm Hg) and resuscitation with shed blood

LCHS increased gut permeability (plasma FD4 2.8 [0.4] vs 0.8 [0.2] microg/mL in controls) and lung injury score (8.5 [0.3] vs 4.0 [0.4]); propranolol reduced FD4 to 1.3 [0.3] microg/mL and lung injury score to 4.4 [1.3] (both p < 0.05 vs LCHS), lowered gut injury score to 1.5 [0.3] versus 2.4 [0.5]…

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Beta-adrenergic receptor inhibition affects cerebral glucose metabolism, motor performance, and inflammatory response after traumatic brain injury.

Model: Traumatic brain injury in mice, with sham injury controls

Cerebral glucose metabolism fell after injury (mean SUV 1.63 versus sham 1.97, p less than 0.01) and propranolol attenuated this reduction (1.89 versus 1.63, p less than 0.01). Propranolol and receptor knockout both reduced motor deficits at 24 h, with rotarod 44 versus 23 seconds and rearing 338 v…

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Propranolol and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Combine to Treat Traumatic Brain Injury.

Model: Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury in a rodent model; impact parameters not stated in the available text

Mesenchymal stromal cells reduced blood-brain barrier permeability at 96 h, limited thalamic microglial and macrophage activation short and long term and increased short-term neurogenesis, while propranolol reduced oedema and activated microglia. The sequential combination was well tolerated and im…

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Effects of propranolol and clonidine on brain edema, blood-brain barrier permeability, and endothelial glycocalyx disruption after fluid percussion brain injury in the rat.

Model: Lateral fluid percussion traumatic brain injury

Brain water content did not differ between propranolol (80.8 plus or minus 0.3 per cent), propranolol plus clonidine (80.8 plus or minus 0.3 per cent) and vehicle (81.1 plus or minus 0.6 per cent). No effect was seen on blood-brain barrier permeability or motor scores. Unexpectedly, both treatments…

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Propranolol improves cutaneous wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

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