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Follow an intervention from preclinical studies to human trials and reported outcomes.
| THERAPY / MECHANISM | INJURY MODELS | STUDIES | REPORTED OUTCOME | Open record |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TBE-31 (bis(cyano enone) Nrf2 activator) in mice; sulforaphane-delivering extract in humans SPLIT ENTITY, handled explicitly. TBE-31: ChEMBL compound_search returned 0 hits, an EXPLICIT NEGATIVE RESULT; the synthetic bis(cyano enone) Nrf2 activator has no ChEMBL entry and no human trial. The human arm resolves instead to CHEMBL48802 SULFORAPHANE, max_phase 3, first_approval NULL, natural_product=true, therapeutic_flag=false, not withdrawn (stereoisomer L-sulforaphane = CHEMBL1627201, max_phase 2). get_mechanism returned 0 records for CHEMBL48802, so the empty moa_list and target are an EXPLICIT NEGATIVE RESULT, not an omission: ChEMBL holds no curated Nrf2/KEAP1 mechanism for sulforaphane despite that being its accepted mode of action. All 10 recorded trials give sulforaphane or broccoli sprout extract; indications are cancer chemoprevention (prostate, pancreas, bladder, melanoma), chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes and skin ageing, NONE a trauma indication. NCT03517995 is WITHDRAWN at 0 enrolment and NCT02404428 TERMINATED at n=5. | Radiation · Spinal cord injury +2 | 42012–2018 | Not approved | |
| Telmisartan Angiotensin II type-1 (AT1) receptor antagonist (ANTAGONIST); partial PPAR-gamma agonist | TBI | 12015 | No trauma translation | |
| Tempol and coenzyme Q10 Drug | Ischaemia-reperfusion · Crush +5 | 31992–2013 | Not approved | |
| Tenoxicam Drug | Burn | 12014 | Not approved | |
| Testosterone Androgen receptor agonist (AGONIST, direct interaction, disease efficacy true). ChEMBL flags a black box warning for this molecule. | Spinal cord injury | 12011 | No trauma translation | |
| Testosterone enanthate with adjuvant quadrupedal bodyweight-supported treadmill training Long-acting testosterone ester; androgen receptor agonist. | Spinal cord injury | 22017–2019 | No trauma translation | |
| Tetrodotoxin or saxitoxin, alone or combined with dexmedetomidine or clonidine Drug | Wound | 12015 | Not approved | |
| Theophylline Theophylline (methylxanthine): nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor; approved bronchodilator (ChEMBL parent CHEMBL190) | Spinal cord injury | 12015 | No trauma translation | |
| Thymoquinone Thymoquinone (bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa); no curated ChEMBL mechanism record | Chemical/toxin · Crush | 32016–2019 | Not approved | |
| Thyroxine, exogenous Thyroid hormone receptor agonist | TBI | 12020 | No trauma translation | |
| Tibolone Hormone | TBI | 12018 | No trauma translation | |
| tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is TPA, cleaves plasminogen to plasmin | Ischaemia-reperfusion · TBI +1 | 52011–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Topical 2% mupirocin ointment for scald wound infection and intraperitoneal daptomycin for sepsis Mupirocin, a topical antibacterial that inhibits bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (combination also includes intraperitoneal daptomycin). | Burn · Wound | 22014–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Topical ointment containing nitric oxide-loaded zinc-exchanged zeolite A, releasing nitric oxide on contact with water Soluble guanylate cyclase activator | Wound | 12013 | No trauma translation | |
| Tramadol Centrally acting analgesic: weak mu-opioid receptor agonist (ChEMBL mec_id 707, AGONIST, FDA label ref) with additional serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibition not captured in the ChEMBL MoA table. Active O-desmethyl metabolite (M1) carries most opioid activity. ATC N02AX02. Black box warning. | Spinal cord injury · Ischaemia-reperfusion | 22015–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| Tranexamic acid Plasminogen inhibitor (INHIBITOR), direct interaction, disease efficacy true; antifibrinolytic. | Haemorrhage/shock · Spinal cord injury +1 | 92016–2019 | Approved for trauma (caveats) | |
| Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) Thyroid hormone receptor agonist (AGONIST); direct interaction, disease efficacy true | Spinal cord injury · Ischaemia-reperfusion | 31980–2018 | No trauma translation | |
| TT-301 No ChEMBL MoA record; suppressor of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (p38 MAPK pathway); anti-neuroinflammatory | TBI | 12012 | Not approved | |
| Tubastatin A (HDAC6 inhibitor), Aurora Kinase A Inhibitor I, and AAV2-delivered shRNAs against IFT88, Kif2a, HEF1, PLK1, NDE1 and TCHP Other | Other · Haemorrhage/shock | 22018–2019 | Not approved | |
| Ulinastatin (urinary trypsin inhibitor) Biologic | Crush · Ischaemia-reperfusion +4 | 82011–2020 | Not approved | |
| Unfractionated heparin Antithrombin-III activator; inhibits coagulation by activating antithrombin III, which then binds factor X | TBI · Wound | 32012–2017 | No trauma translation | |
| Unsubstituted tricyclic phenothiazine Parent phenothiazine scaffold (ChEMBL CHEMBL828); no discrete therapeutic MoA record; used here as an unsubstituted core | TBI | 12014 | Not approved | |
| Ursolic acid Nutraceutical | Other · Spinal cord injury +1 | 32017–2020 | Not approved | |
| Valganciclovir-induced microglial depletion in CD11b-thymidine kinase mice Drug | TBI | 12014 | No trauma translation | |
| Valproic acid Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor | TBI · Spinal cord injury +2 | 72010–2017 | No trauma translation | |
| Vancomycin, applied as a mesh presoak Peptidoglycan inhibitor | Wound | 12012 | No trauma translation | |
| VAS203 (NOS inhibitor) Drug | TBI | 12009 | Not approved | |
| Veliparib (PARP-1 inhibitor); complemented by PARP-1 genetic deletion PARP 1, 2 and 3 inhibitor (INHIBITOR, direct interaction, disease efficacy true; mec_id 5662) | TBI | 12016 | Not approved | |
| VX-765 (belnacasan) Caspase-1 inhibitor (INHIBITOR, direct interaction); prodrug | Spinal cord injury · TBI | 22018–2020 | Not approved | |
| Xenon ChEMBL records list diagnostic-agent and MRI contrast-agent mechanisms for xenon isotopes; ATC N01AX15 classifies xenon as a general anaesthetic. | Ischaemia-reperfusion · TBI | 32015–2020 | No trauma translation | |
| Zinc Nutraceutical | Wound · Radiation | 31980–2017 | No trauma translation | |
| Zonisamide-loaded monomethyl poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(l-lactide)-poly(trimethylene carbonate) nanomicelles (approximately 50 nm) Sodium channel alpha subunit blocker (BLOCKER, direct interaction) | Spinal cord injury | 12017 | No trauma translation | |
| Zymosan and glucan (macrophage stimulators); levamisole (immunomodulator) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit agonist (ChEMBL mechanism on salt CHEMBL1770). Only the levamisole component resolved; zymosan and glucan are crude yeast cell-wall preparations with no ChEMBL entry. | Wound | 11983 | Failed |
Study counts are reported at therapy level and can differ from the number of itemised publications. Outcomes are research classifications, not treatment recommendations.