Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1Knockdown Plus Glutamine Supplementation Attenuates the Predominance of Necrosis over Apoptosis by Relieving Cellular Energy Stress in Acute Pancreatitis.
RatChemical/toxinWistarMalen = n = 10 per group across four in vivo groups; 60 male Wistar…Intravenous via the caudal vein for both the lentiviral siRNA and L-alanyl-L-glutamineL-alanyl-L-glutamine 0.4 g/kg in vivo and 2 mM in vitro; le…Lentiviral HIF-1alpha siRNA given 5 days before pancreatitis induction; L-alany…
Model: Acute pancreatitis induced by distal pancreaticobiliary duct ligation and retrograde infusion of 3.5% sodium taurocholate (0.15 mL/100 g) into the pancreaticobiliary duct; in vitro AR42J cells exposed to 500 micromolar sodium taurocholate for 12 h
HIF-1alpha knockdown reduced histological injury scores, serum amylase and C-reactive protein, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, myeloperoxidase and lipid peroxidase, prevented intracellular calcium rise and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, raised ATP and lowered lactate, and increased apoptosis rel…
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