Differential Effects of Caffeine on Motor and Cognitive Outcomes of Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury.
RatTBIPenetrating / ballisticSprague-DawleyMaleAcute arm oral gavage; chronic arm oral in drinking waterAcute arm 25 mg/kg; chronic arm 0.25 g/L in drinking waterPretreatment: acute arm 1 hour before injury, chronic arm for 30 days before in…
Model: Unilateral frontal WRAIR penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) in the right hemisphere at moderate (7% PBBI) or severe (10% PBBI) injury level
Acute caffeine had no significant effect on motor or cognitive outcome but increased thigmotaxis after 10% PBBI, suggesting worsened anxiety or attention. Chronic caffeine improved motor outcome at 7 and 10 days post-injury in the 7% PBBI group but significantly increased Morris water maze latency…
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