High-frequency epidural stimulation across the respiratory cycle evokes phrenic short-term potentiation after incomplete cervical spinal cord injury.
RatSpinal cord injuryHemisection / partialSprague-DawleyFemaleEpidural stimulation of the ventrolateral spinal cord at C4 or T2, ipsilateral to the hemisection300 Hz stimulation, currents 100-1,000 microA2 weeks and 12 weeks after C2 hemisection
Model: C2 lateral spinal hemisection (C2Hx) producing ipsilateral hemidiaphragm paralysis, studied at 2 wk (subacute) and 12 wk (chronic) post-injury
HF-ES potentiated ipsilateral phasic phrenic output (T2 stimulation at both 2 and 12 wk; C4 stimulation only at 12 wk), but also drove tonic phrenic output to about 500% of baseline, so the continuous 60 s paradigm was judged unsuitable for respiratory muscle activation.
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