Inflammatory cytokines content in Achilles tendinopathy after phonophoresis treatment combined with gold nanoparticles and diclophenac diethylammonium in rats.
RatOtherWistarMaleTopical phonophoresisAfter acute tendon injury
Model: Acute Achilles tendon injury (tendinopathy)
Tendons treated with phonophoresis plus diclofenac plus gold nanoparticles showed a significant decrease in interleukin-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor alpha, indicating that gold nanoparticles enhanced drug action when used with phonophoresis.
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