Potentiated interaction between ineffective doses of budesonide and formoterol to control the inhaled cadmium-induced up-regulation of metalloproteinases and acute pulmonary inflammation in rats.
RatChemical/toxinSprague-DawleyMalen = 84 male rats; 5 groups of n=6 pretreated before cadmium and…Inhalation via ultrasonic nebuliser in a whole-body exposure chamberBudesonide 0.25 mg/15 ml and 0.5 mg/15 ml of nebulised solu…Pretreatment immediately before cadmium exposure
Model: Acute pulmonary inflammation induced by a single 60 min whole-body inhalation exposure to nebulised 0.1% cadmium chloride solution, with animals killed 24 h later
High concentrations of inhaled budesonide or formoterol alone reduced cadmium-induced neutrophilic inflammation, lung injury scores and MMP-9 activity, whereas low concentrations alone were largely ineffective, but combining the two ineffective low concentrations produced a potentiated protective e…
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