IV N-acetylcysteine in the Management of Antituberculous Drug-induced Hepatitis
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Enrolment: 102 · Results not recorded
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Drug · Glutathione precursor (antidote for paracetamol overdose; provides alternative substrate for conjugation with the reactive intermediate, restoring glutathione); mucolytic agent cleaving disulfide linkages to reduce mucous viscosity.
8 linked trials carry an injury-indication flag. These flags support record-level exploration and sit alongside the stringent aggregate counts described in Methods.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Enrolment: 102 · Results not recorded
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) · Alcohol Use Disorder · Substance Use Disorder
Enrolment: 90 · Results not recorded
Acute Lung Injury
Enrolment: 52 · Results not recorded
Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
Enrolment: 14 · Results not recorded
Acute Myocardial Infarction · Ischemia-reperfusion Injury
Enrolment: 18 · Results not recorded
Drug-induced acute liver injury
Enrolment: 16 · Results not recorded
Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury
Enrolment: 150 · Results not recorded
Aseptic Muscle Injury
Enrolment: 30 · Results not recorded
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning · Delayed Neurocognitive Sequelae
Enrolment: 128 · Results not recorded
Renal Insufficiency, Acute · Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Enrolment: 60 · Results not recorded
Nicotine Dependence
Enrolment: 90 · Results not recorded
Necrotizing Enterocolitis · Feeding Intolerance
Enrolment: 100 · Results not recorded
End-Stage Kidney Disease · Peritoneal Dialysis
Enrolment: 66 · Results not recorded
Ototoxic hearing loss
Enrolment: 19 · Results not recorded
Acute ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Enrolment: 100 · Results not recorded
Acute Renal Failure · Kidney Disease · Coronary Artery Disease
Enrolment: 5177 · Results not recorded
Heart Disease · Acute Renal Failure
Enrolment: 176 · Results not recorded
Acetaminophen overdose
Enrolment: 17 · Results not recorded
Ischemic Cerebral Infarction
Enrolment: 121 · Results not recorded
Selenoprotein N-related Myopathy
Enrolment: 7 · Results not recorded
17 studies reported at therapy level; 23 evidence entries itemised.
Model: Acute mesenteric ischaemia by superior mesenteric artery occlusion for 0.5 to 3 h followed by 2 h reperfusion, with resultant lung injury
NAC pretreatment significantly lowered plasma I-FABP at 2 h ischaemia, reduced intestinal alpha-defensins, and significantly reduced lung myeloperoxidase and TNF-alpha at 1 h ischaemia, with a non-significant reduction in lung IL-1 beta at 2 h. Effects were less marked at 2 and 3 h of ischaemia.
Extraction: extract · Subtype source: rule · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.9. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: L5 spinal cord hemisection, transection of the lateral funiculus and adjacent grey matter after lumbar laminectomy, with tibial motoneurons pre-labelled with Fast Blue one week earlier
Hemisection reduced tibial motoneuron survival to 62% of control. NAC increased survival to 78% and ALC to 80%, rescuing approximately half of the motoneurons destined to die. NAC restored MAP2 and synaptophysin immunoreactivity to 89% and 107% of control and neurofilament staining to 104%, while A…
Extraction: extract · Subtype source: rule · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.95. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure-induced acute lung injury, with parallel in vitro work in A549 cells and primary rat type II alveolar epithelial cells
N-acetyl-L-cysteine attenuated inflammatory cell accumulation, alveolar wall thickening and the degree of PM2.5-induced lung injury in vivo, and reactive oxygen species were shown to regulate intracellular calcium, TRPM2 and NLRP3 expression, supporting a ROS-TRPM2-calcium-NLRP3 pathway.
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.55. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Acute compartment syndrome skeletal muscle injury
Muscle function was significantly improved and tissue fibrosis significantly decreased in N-acetyl-L-cysteine-treated muscles.
Extraction: extract · Subtype source: rule · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.75. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Diclofenac-induced nephrotoxicity in rats
Diclofenac significantly raised serum uric acid, TNF-alpha, creatinine, urea, GOT, GPT, protein carbonyl and malondialdehyde and renal TNF-alpha gene expression relative to control. N-acetyl cysteine and silymarin both significantly reduced these markers, and N-acetyl cysteine also reduced diclofen…
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.5. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Acute binge ethanol exposure causing cardiomyocyte autophagy and apoptosis (alcoholic cardiac injury)
Acute ethanol exposure increased LC3-II and LC3-II positive puncta and promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagic flux significantly reduced ethanol-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and heart injury. N-acetyl cysteine and SP600125 each reduced eth…
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.7. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: 20 Gy single-fraction thoracic irradiation in wild-type and Mif knockout mice
Glutathione reduced ester protected aged Mif knockout mice from radiation-induced lung injury whereas N-acetyl cysteine did not, implicating MIF-dependent Nrf2 signalling in age-related susceptibility.
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.6. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Total body irradiation as host conditioning before haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
N-acetylcysteine, or ectopic catalase overexpression, improved the function of haematopoietic stem cells transplanted into irradiated hosts.
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.55. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Inhalation exposure to 300 ppm chlorine gas for 15 minutes
Neither N-acetyl cysteine nor dexamethasone alone reduced airway hyperreactivity, but the combination protected against airway hyperreactivity and significantly reduced neutrophil influx, while triptolide, reparixin and rolipram did not alter airway hyperreactivity.
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Model: Superior mesenteric artery occlusion for 60 minutes followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion, with remote acute lung injury as the readout
All pretreatment groups showed lower neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, lactate and alanine aminotransferase and lower lung tissue TNF-alpha than the untreated ischaemia-reperfusion group. Only the combined atorvastatin plus N-acetylcysteine group showed significantly lower creatinine, alkaline phosph…
Extraction: extract · Subtype source: rule · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.95. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Unilateral olfactory bulbectomy by craniotomy and aspiration of the right olfactory bulb, causing retrograde degeneration of mature olfactory sensory neurons
N-acetylcysteine-treated bulbectomised mice retained 54 plus or minus 8.1 mature neurons per 0.5 mm epithelium versus 28 plus or minus 4.2 in vehicle controls (p = 0.02), with no significant change in proliferation or apoptosis markers.
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.85. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Spinal cord injury produced by trepanation and compression with a pressure impactor
N-acetylcysteine treated rats showed some improvement in locomotor activity and spinal cord morphology, with a significantly lower hind paw angle of rotation, shorter lesion length and more Fluoro-Gold positive cells than controls. Lesion area was only slightly reduced and interlimb coordination di…
Extraction: extract · Subtype source: rule · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.85. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Acute cardiotoxicity induced by a single intraperitoneal dose of cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg
Cyclophosphamide raised serum aminotransferases, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, asymmetric dimethylarginine and TNF-alpha, lowered serum total nitrate/nitrite, and in cardiac tissue raised malondialdehyde and nitrate/nitrite while lowering reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catal…
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.6. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury, assessed four days after cisplatin administration
Cisplatin alone raised plasma urea and creatinine and caused tubular damage, with a marked increase in urinary excretion of exosomal Oat5. With N-acetylcysteine coadministration, plasma urea and creatinine tended to return towards basal values, tubular damage was improved, and the rise in exosomal…
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.65. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Traumatic brain injury model with hippocampal neuron isolation at 3 days
Both agents lowered hippocampal calcium entry, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis and caspase activity after injury, with N-acetylcysteine appearing more effective than selenium.
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Model: Mild acute pancreatitis by bile-pancreatic duct obstruction and severe acute pancreatitis by infusion of 3.5 per cent sodium taurocholate into the bile-pancreatic duct
N-acetylcysteine reduced hyperamylasaemia in both models and downregulated MCP-1, CINC and P-selectin in duct obstruction pancreatitis, but not in the taurocholate model. It did not prevent leukocyte infiltration and aggravated lung damage in severe pancreatitis while giving no benefit in the mild…
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.8. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
Model: Lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury
Scavenging reactive oxygen species reduced recruitment of FasL killer B cells into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and attenuated lipopolysaccharide induced lung injury, indicating that reactive oxygen species act mainly as second messengers amplifying the immune response.
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.5. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
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