Evidence & regulatory context
- Mechanism
- PARTIAL: spermine matched in ChEMBL as a natural polyamine (max_phase 0.5, therapeutic_flag false); get_mechanism returned 0 records, an explicit negative result. Ruthenium red returned 0 ChEMBL hits; its reported activity as a mitochondrial calcium uniporter inhibitor comes from the source literature, not ChEMBL. ClinicalTrials.gov searched for both agents: all hits were term collisions (SMS text-messaging and small-mobile-stem-cell studies) and were rejected, so zero trials is a deliberate filtered decision, not an omission.
- Target
- Not recorded
- Injury models
- Haemorrhage/shock · Ischaemia-reperfusion
- Reported indication
- Not recorded
- First approval
- Not recorded
- Development stage
- Preclinical/no trial
- ChEMBL record
- CHEMBL23194 ↗
- ChEMBL max phase
- 0.5 / 4 (development scale, not regulatory approval)
- Synonyms
- Spermine; Gerotine; Musculamine; Neuridine; NSC-268508
- Note
- Not recorded
Clinical trials 0
0 linked trials carry an injury-indication flag. These flags support record-level exploration and sit alongside the stringent aggregate counts described in Methods.
No linked human trial in this dataset.
Preclinical evidence 2
2 studies reported at therapy level; 2 evidence entries itemised.
RatHaemorrhage/shockUnspecifiedSprague-DawleyMale
Model: Experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage with assessment of early brain injury in the temporal cortex at 1, 2 and 3 days
Blockade of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter with ruthenium red prevented calcium accumulation, lowered oxidative stress, improved ATP production and reduced cytochrome c release, caspase-3 cleavage and apoptosis after subarachnoid haemorrhage, and spermine also lessened calcium accumulation.
Extraction: extract · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.55. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
RatIschaemia-reperfusionCerebral (MCAO/stroke)Sprague-DawleyMalen = 60 rats: sham n=12, model n=12, spermine 10 mg/kg n=12, 25…10, 25 or 50 mg/kgOne week before establishment of the ischaemia/reperfusion model (pre-treatment)
Model: Acute cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion by intraluminal suture occlusion for 2 h followed by suture removal
Spermine pre-treatment produced dose-dependent reductions in neurological deficit scores and MDA, increased SOD activity, and shifted the Bax/Bcl-2 balance towards survival compared with untreated model rats.
Extraction: extract · Subtype source: rule · Supplied extraction confidence: 0.85. Machine-extracted fields require source verification.
