Adenosine, lidocaine, and Mg2+ (ALM) resuscitation fluid protects against experimental traumatic brain injury.
RatTBIFluid percussionSprague-DawleyMalen = 16 per group across four groups, with a subdural cerebral b…IntravenousSingle 3% NaCl with or without ALM bolus of 0.7 mL/kg intra…Bolus given 15 minutes after injury
Model: Moderate lateral fluid-percussion traumatic brain injury at 2.57 atm in anaesthetised, mechanically ventilated rats
ALM eliminated mortality (0% versus 25% in saline controls), increased cortical blood flow roughly threefold at 60 minutes, improved left ventricular function, lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines and brain injury markers and reduced coagulopathy.
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