TLR4 activity is required in the resolution of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis after acute and chronic lung injury.

TLR4 activity is required in the resolution of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis after acute and chronic lung injury.

Model: Bleomycin-induced acute lung injury and fibrosis, and silica-induced chronic inflammation and fibrosis

Pharmacological TLR4 activation resolved acute inflammation, reversed established pulmonary fibrosis, improved lung function and rescued mice from death, while TLR4 inhibition worsened inflammation, fibrosis and mortality, and the effects were reversed by manipulating autophagy.

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